Ingrown Toenails Pose Bigger Risks for Seniors: How to Prevent Pain and Infection

An ingrown toenail might seem like a minor annoyance, but for older adults or those with chronic health conditions like diabetes or vascular disease, it can quickly escalate into a painful and dangerous infection.

Whether you're caring for yourself or a loved one, understanding prevention and treatment is essential to maintain mobility, comfort, and overall well-being.

"As we age, our skin becomes thinner, our circulation slows, and the risk of infection increases—especially in the feet," said Dr. Jane Andersen, DPM, a trustee with the American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA).

What is an Ingrown Toenail?

An ingrown toenail occurs when the edge of the toenail—most often the big toe—grows into the surrounding skin, causing pain, swelling, and possible infection.

Common causes include:

How Weather and Climate Affect Ingrown Toenails

Changes in weather—especially hot, humid, or wet conditions—can increase the likelihood of developing ingrown toenails or make existing issues worse. During the summer months, heat and sweat create a moist environment around the feet, which softens the skin and makes it more vulnerable to irritation. When the skin around the nail swells from moisture or friction, the nail edge is more likely to grow inward.

Hot and humid environments can aggravate foot conditions, particularly ingrown toenails. Humidity also contributes to fungal infections, which can thicken or deform the toenail, making it harder to trim and more likely to press into the skin.

Moisture causes the skin around the toenail to soften and swell, making it easier for the nail to pierce the skin and harder for the area to dry and heal. This increases the risk of pain, inflammation, and bacterial or fungal infections.

Older adults, who may already struggle with reduced circulation or foot hygiene, are particularly vulnerable during these warmer seasons.

For instance, during summer in Auckland, New Zealand, temperatures rise along with humidity levels, often leading to more cases of foot irritation and nail-related complications. Similar patterns are observed in hot, muggy regions across the United States—such as Houston, Miami, New Orleans, and Atlanta—where year-round humidity and warm temperatures create ideal conditions for excessive sweating and fungal growth.

In Europe, cities like Barcelona, Athens, and Naples experience extended summers with high humidity, which can worsen foot hygiene issues for both residents and travelers.

In these climates, sandals or open-toed shoes may expose the foot to trauma or infection, while enclosed shoes trap sweat, encouraging fungal growth and skin breakdown. The combination of excess moisture, heat, and poor ventilation increases the odds of developing an ingrown toenail—especially for those already prone due to age, diabetes, or reduced mobility.

Whether you live in a tropical zone or are simply visiting one, foot care habits must adapt to the climate. Keeping feet clean and dry, rotating breathable footwear, and checking for signs of irritation becomes even more important in warmer, wetter conditions.

In colder weather, people often wear tight or closed-toe shoes for long periods, which increases pressure on the toenails. This constant compression, especially in ill-fitting shoes or thick socks, can push the nail edge into the skin. Additionally, cold, dry air can lead to cracked skin, making the toes more sensitive and prone to infection if an ingrown nail forms.

Tip: Regardless of the season, keeping feet dry, wearing breathable footwear, and checking for early signs of irritation can help you prevent weather-related flare-ups of ingrown toenails.

When foot or nail issues arise—especially for older adults or those with chronic health conditions—seeking professional help is essential. A podiatrist, also known as a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM), specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions of the feet and lower limbs, including ingrown toenails, infections, and nail deformities.

When foot or nail issues arise—especially for older adults or those with chronic health conditions—seeking professional help is essential. A podiatrist, also known as a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM), specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions of the feet and lower limbs, including ingrown toenails, infections, and nail deformities.

Whether you seek to treat an ingrown toenail in Auckland, New Zealand, or Atlanta, find the right foot and nail care specialist wherever you live.

In the U.S., visit the American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA) "Find a Podiatrist" tool.

Why Older Adults Are at Greater Risk

Older adults face added risks due to reduced circulation, diminished sensation, and slower healing. For those with diabetes or neuropathy, a simple toenail issue can lead to ulcers or serious infections, including cellulitis or osteomyelitis. These complications can lead to hospitalization or, in extreme cases, amputation.

1. Trim Nails Properly

Cut toenails straight across and avoid rounding the edges. Keep nails at a moderate length to prevent pressure from footwear. Always use sanitized tools.

Tip: If you can't safely trim your own nails, schedule regular visits with a podiatrist or trained caregiver.

2. Choose the Right Footwear

Footwear should have a wide toe box and fit properly. Avoid pointed shoes or anything that compresses the toes.

3. Maintain Foot Hygiene

• Wash your feet daily with soap and water.
• Dry thoroughly, especially between the toes.
• Moisturize the tops and bottoms, but avoid lotion between the toes to prevent fungal growth.

4. Manage Moisture

Wear clean, breathable cotton or wool socks. Change socks daily and allow shoes to fully dry between uses. Consider antifungal powders if needed.

5. Watch for Early Warning Signs

Look for redness, tenderness, warmth, or pus near the toenail. Soaking your foot in warm water with Epsom salt can relieve early discomfort. Avoid digging at the nail, which increases the risk of infection.

6. Know When to Call a Doctor

See a podiatrist if:

• Pain and swelling persist or worsen
• There's pus or discoloration
• You have diabetes or poor circulation
• You've had repeat infections

Treatment may include lifting the nail, antibiotics, or minor surgical removal.

7. Avoid DIY Nail Surgery

Cutting into your skin or nails at home can worsen the problem. Always seek professional help for advanced care.

8. Support Nail Health Through Nutrition

Eating foods rich in biotin, zinc, and vitamin E supports nail strength and reduces the risk of complications. Staying hydrated is also critical.

9. Incorporate Foot Exercises

Simple stretches like toe curls and ankle rolls can improve circulation and flexibility, helping maintain nail and skin health.

10. Self-Checks Are Key

Older adults—and their caregivers—should visually inspect their feet weekly for changes. Early detection makes a big difference.

👵 Special Foot Care for Older Adults with Chronic Illness or Limited Mobility

For those who need assistance—whether aging at home or in a facility—foot care should be part of the daily routine.

"Foot care is often one of the first things overlooked when mobility declines," said Dr. Stephanie Wu, Dean of Scholl College of Podiatric Medicine. "But a simple ingrown toenail can spiral into a hospitalization or worse if left unchecked.

Cleveland Clinic podiatrist Georgeanne Botek, DPM, says if a ingrown toenail has gotten worse), it’s time to get medical attention.

You may need a minor procedure. But even if you don’t, we have more sophisticated tools for dealing with ingrown toenails than you have at home — and our tools are properly sterilized.

How Family, In-Home Aides, and Long-Term Care Staff Can Help:

• Inspect feet weekly (daily for high-risk individuals).
• Trim nails safely—straight across using sanitized tools. Only trained personnel should trim nails for those with diabetes or circulation issues.
• Clean and dry feet thoroughly, using moisturizers carefully.
• Document and report signs of swelling, redness, or drainage immediately.
• Encourage proper footwear and breathable socks.
• Check shoes regularly for proper fit and signs of friction.

Families should ask: "Who trims the nails, and how often? Are podiatry services available?"

Use the LTC News Caregiver Directory to find local home care agencies and long-term care facilities with trained staff who understand the importance of foot health.

If your loved one has a Long-Term Care Insurance policy, use the benefits to pay for quality extended care services without draining assets or placing a burden on loved ones.

LTC News partners with Amada Senior Care to help families complete the claims process for their loved one's LTC Insurance benefits without cost or obligation- Filing a Long-Term Care Insurance Claim.

Most people obtain an LTC policy before they retire and still enjoy good health. Learn more by reviewing the LTC News LTC Insurance Education Center. LTC News can also help you find a qualified LTC Insurance specialist to help you obtain accurate LTC Insurance quotes from all the top-rated insurance companies from one trusted source.

The Bottom Line

Ingrown toenails can be painful and dangerous—especially if you're older or have underlying health issues. With proper care, early detection, and help from trained professionals, you can avoid complications and stay mobile and independent.

Don't ignore your feet. A little attention now can prevent a lot of pain later.